The control system consists of the following components: These include when the thermal control system is unavailable to slow its fans down, and are typically: There are circumstances in which your Mac’s fans may well be intended to run at their maximum. It’s the control system which slows them down from that, so long as your Mac stays cool, and the system is functioning normally.
Macs are engineered for self-preservation: by default, their cooling fans are set to be full on, blasting away at maximum revs, to prevent your CPU, chipsets, and SSDs from overheating to death.